![Previous Page](blubvppv.gif)
![Table Of Contents](blubvtoc.gif)
Appendix E
Glossary of Arabic and Kurdish Terms
Amn: Security (as in Mudiriyat al-Amn al-Ameh, General Security Directorate)
![](blubvspm.gif)
Chatta: Bandit or brigand; derogatory term for jahsh in Badinan region
![](blubvspm.gif)
Intifada: Uprising
![](blubvspm.gif)
Istikhbarat: Military Intelligence
![](blubvspm.gif)
Jahsh: Donkey foal; derogatory term for Kurdish National Defense Battalions
![](blubvspm.gif)
Lak: Peshmerga Branch Command (KDP)
![](blubvspm.gif)
Mafarez Khaseh: Special Unit (Kurdish section of Amn)
![](blubvspm.gif)
Maghawir: Commandos
![](blubvspm.gif)
Malband: Peshmerga Regional Command (PUK)
![](blubvspm.gif)
Mujamma'a: Complex or collective village used for Kurdish resettlement
![](blubvspm.gif)
Mukhabarat: Foreign Intelligence Agency
![](blubvspm.gif)
Mustashar: Adviser or consultant; Kurdish tribal commander of a jahsh unit
![](blubvspm.gif)
Nahya: Administrative unit; district center, and the villages within its jurisdiction
![](blubvspm.gif)
Peshmerga: "Those who face death"; Kurdish guerrilla fighters
![](blubvspm.gif)
Qadha: The largest administrative unit within a governorate
![](blubvspm.gif)
Rajima: Truck-mounted multiple-barrel artillery, sometimes used to deliver chemical weapons
![](blubvspm.gif)
Sura: Chapter of the Koran
![](blubvspm.gif)
Teep: Division; basic PUK military unit within the malband
![](blubvspm.gif)
![Previous Page](blubvppv.gif)
![Table Of Contents](blubvtoc.gif)