December 2002 Vol. 14, No. 9 (C)

INDONESIA

BREAKDOWN:
FOUR YEARS OF COMMUNAL VIOLENCE IN CENTRAL SULAWESI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 22

II. RECOMMENDATIONS 44

III. PART ONE: CONTEXT, CAUSES, AND LASKAR JIHAD 66

Context 66
Causes of the conflict 77
The Question of Laskar Jihad 1010
al-Qaeda 1212

IV. PART TWO: CHRONOLOGY OF THE CONFLICT 1414

The First Phase: December 1998 1414
The Second Phase: April 16-May 3, 2000 1515
The Third Phase: Retaliation begins, May 23, 2000 1616
The Fourth Phase: Displacement and Destruction, July 2001-December 2001 2020
The Fifth Phase: After Malino 3434
The Toll 3838
Internally Displaced Persons 3939

V. PART THREE: ANAYLYSIS 4040

The Role of the Security Forces 4040
Lack of an Effective Justice System 4343
Government Response 4545

VI. CONCLUSIONS 4545

APPENDIX 4747

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 4848